Vital signs are measurements of the body’s most basic functions. The four main vital signs routinely monitored by medical professionals and health care providers include the following:
| Vital Sign | Normal Range |
| Blood pressure | 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg |
| Breathing | 12 to 18 breaths per minute |
| Pulse | 60 to 100 beats per minute |
| Temperature | 97.8°F to 99.1°F (36.5°C to 37.3°C); average 98.6°F (37°C) |
Vital signs are useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. Vital signs can be measured in a medical setting, at home, at the site of a medical emergency, or elsewhere. In some special circumstances, additional vital sign monitoring can be appropriate and advised e.g., monitoring blood oxygen and verifying over 95% as an early warning sign during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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